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John Coffee Hays
Col. John Coffee "Jack" Hays (January 28, 1817 – April 21, 1883) was a captain in the Texas Rangers and a military officer of the Republic of Texas. Hays served in several armed conflicts from 1836–1848, including against the Comanche people in Texas and during the Mexican-American War.
==Biography==
Jack Hays was born at Little Cedar Lick, Wilson County, Tennessee. Rachel Jackson, wife of Andrew Jackson, was his great-aunt of the Donelson family. His grandfather fought in the revolutionary war. Grandfather Robert travelled on a Flotilla expedition with the founding families down the Cumberland river to the area of Nashville, Tennessee. His father Harmon Hays fought in the War of 1812, named his son for long-time family friend and Jackson protégé Colonel John Coffee.〔"A Great Captain and a New Weapon" by Charles M. Robinson, III〕 Jack's brother was Confederate General Harry T. Hays of New Orleans. His sister, Sarah Hays Hammond, was the mother of John Hays Hammond. John Hays Hammond, Jr. was an apprentice to Thomas Edison and worked with Nikola Tesla. John Hays Hammond Jr, board of directors for RCA.
In 1836, at the age of 19, Hays migrated to the Republic of Texas. Sam Houston appointed him as a member of a company of Texas Rangers because he knew the Hays family from Tennessee. Jack met with Sam Houston and delivered a letter of recommendation from his uncle Andrew Jackson.
In the following years, Hays led the Rangers on a campaign against the Comanche in Texas, and succeeded in weakening their power. Jack rode with an Apache Chief named Flacco who led the charge into every battle with him. The duo led and inspired the Rangers. In 1840 Tonkawa Chief Placido and 13 scouts joined with the Rangers to track down a large Comanche war party,〔("Chief Placido" ), ''San Marcos Record,'' November 2007〕 culminating at the Battle of Plum Creek.〔("John Hays'' ), Texas Ranger Hall of Fame, Texas Rangers Website〕 Later, Hays commanded the force against the invasion from Mexico of 1842. During the Mexican-American War (1846–1848), Hays commanded the First Regiment of Texas Rangers at the Battle of Monterrey, established six companies along the northern and western frontier of Texas, and commanded the Second Regiment of Texas Rangers in Winfield Scott's Mexico City campaign.〔Ford, J.S., 1963, Rip Ford's Texas, Austin: University of Texas Press, ISBN 0292770340, p. 60〕 The Rangers excelled during this conflict, gaining nationwide fame.
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